Reading-Notes

code fellows 201

Read: 02 - HTML Text, CSS Introduction, and Basic JavaScript Instructions

HTML & CSS

Chapter 2: Text (p. 40-61)

When you make a web page, use mark-up tags to emphasize sertaint content within the text. Structural Markup is used to describe headings and pharagraphs. Semantic Markuo is used to provide extra emphasisin a sentance.

Headings

HTML has 6 levels of headings. The <h1> tag is ised for main headings. <h2> is used for subheadings. The rest are used to further divide sections of your web page as you see fit.

Paragraphs

Pharagraphs are identified with the <p> tag. New paragraphs automatically start on a new line with some spacing inbetween it and the last paragraph.

Emphasis

Bold elements are found in the **** tag. Italics are inserted with the **** tag. The Strong element tag is **** it indicates a strong importance in text. the **** tag creates **_emphasis_** in a sentance that subtly changes its meaning.

Superscript & Subscript

The **^{** element creates superscript. The **_{** element creates a subscript.}}

White Space

Programmers use extra spaces and page breaks to make the code easy to read. HTML ignores the extra spaces and counts them as one space, also known as White Space Collapsing.

Line Breaks & Horizontal Rules

Use the
tag to add a line break in the middle of a paragraph. the <hr /> tag inserts a horizontal rule in the page.

Quotes & References

Blockquotes- the <blockquote> tag is used to highlight quotes longer than a pharagraph. They are also usually indented. Quotes- the **** tag is used for smaller quotes that sit within a pharagraph. Citations- use **** tag to indicate where a citation is from.

Chapter 10: Ch.10 Introducing CSS (p. 226-245)

CSS works by changing the way elements within certaint tags look in HTML. For more information on designing with CSS see previous notes: Reading-Notes-102: Design web pages with CSS

JavaScript & JQuery

Chapter 2: Basic JavaScript Instructions (p. 53-84)

A Script is a set of instructions that the programm follows to complete a task. Each individual action or step is know as a statement.

Comments

Comments in code are writen by developers to explain what the code does. You can add a comment by using the “//” in the beginning of a line before you start typing. Multyple line comments are contained within: / Comments go here /

Variables

A variable is where information in code is stored. Variables have 6 rules for naming them:

1. The name needs to start with a letter, dollar sign, or underscore. No numbers!
2. The rest can contain the characters allowed in the first rule in any order, but can include numbers now. No dashes or periods.
3. No keyword or reserved words
4. Variables are case sensitive
5. Use a name that describes the information
6. For multi word variables: no spaces, first word lowercase, second word uppercase

Data Types

There are 3 data types:

1. Numeric Data - numbers
2. String Data - text
3. Boolean Data - true or false

Array

An Array stores a list of variables. Items listed within an array start with the number 0, not 1.

Chapter 4: Decisions and Loops (p. 145-162)

Comparison operators

a == b ‘loose equality’ 10 == ‘10’ Value must be the same but type can be different

a === b ‘strict eqaulity’ both the type and the value have to be the same 10 === 10

a != b ‘inequality’ 10 != ‘10’ (this is false)

a !== b ‘strict inquality’ 10 !== ‘10’ (this is true)

a > b ‘greater than’

a < b ‘less than’

a >= b ‘greater than or equal to’

a <= b ‘less than or equal to’

logical operators

a && b “and”

a

b “or”

!a “not a” - bang/ opposite day

See previous notes about this topic here: Reading-Notes-102: Operators and Loops